diff --git a/benchmark/error/error.js b/benchmark/error/error.js
index c856f3e07f6b..b4b5292d0412 100644
--- a/benchmark/error/error.js
+++ b/benchmark/error/error.js
@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ const bench = common.createBenchmark(main, {
 function main({ n }) {
   bench.start();
   for (let i = 0; i < n; ++i)
+    // eslint-disable-next-line no-restricted-syntax
     new Error('test');
   bench.end(n);
 }
diff --git a/benchmark/fs/bench-accessSync.js b/benchmark/fs/bench-accessSync.js
index 0be0ca799d3a..b4bc2a06a442 100644
--- a/benchmark/fs/bench-accessSync.js
+++ b/benchmark/fs/bench-accessSync.js
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ function main({ n, type, method }) {
       path = tmpdir.resolve(`.non-existing-file-${process.pid}`);
       break;
     default:
-      new Error('Invalid type');
+      throw new Error('Invalid type');
   }
 
   if (method === 'access') {
diff --git a/benchmark/fs/bench-chmodSync.js b/benchmark/fs/bench-chmodSync.js
index 87b45c06b507..97903db7b931 100644
--- a/benchmark/fs/bench-chmodSync.js
+++ b/benchmark/fs/bench-chmodSync.js
@@ -36,6 +36,6 @@ function main({ n, type }) {
       bench.end(n);
       break;
     default:
-      new Error('Invalid type');
+      throw new Error('Invalid type');
   }
 }
diff --git a/benchmark/fs/bench-chownSync.js b/benchmark/fs/bench-chownSync.js
index 18e2bd35d526..bcd83a342644 100644
--- a/benchmark/fs/bench-chownSync.js
+++ b/benchmark/fs/bench-chownSync.js
@@ -49,6 +49,6 @@ function main({ n, type, method }) {
       break;
     }
     default:
-      new Error('Invalid type');
+      throw new Error('Invalid type');
   }
 }
diff --git a/benchmark/fs/bench-existsSync.js b/benchmark/fs/bench-existsSync.js
index f9da2765b130..2b04eeb5167d 100644
--- a/benchmark/fs/bench-existsSync.js
+++ b/benchmark/fs/bench-existsSync.js
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ function main({ n, type }) {
       path = tmpdir.resolve(`.non-existing-file-${process.pid}`);
       break;
     default:
-      new Error('Invalid type');
+      throw new Error('Invalid type');
   }
 
   bench.start();
diff --git a/benchmark/fs/bench-fchmodSync.js b/benchmark/fs/bench-fchmodSync.js
index 4ada8a6f5d8b..7023d0d1ff94 100644
--- a/benchmark/fs/bench-fchmodSync.js
+++ b/benchmark/fs/bench-fchmodSync.js
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ function main({ n, type }) {
       files = new Array(n).fill(tmpdir.resolve(`.non-existing-file-${Date.now()}`));
       break;
     default:
-      new Error('Invalid type');
+      throw new Error('Invalid type');
   }
 
   const fds = files.map((x) => {
diff --git a/benchmark/fs/bench-fsyncSync.js b/benchmark/fs/bench-fsyncSync.js
index fc7ef2926679..672d91e369e4 100644
--- a/benchmark/fs/bench-fsyncSync.js
+++ b/benchmark/fs/bench-fsyncSync.js
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ function main({ n, type }) {
       fd = 1 << 30;
       break;
     default:
-      new Error('Invalid type');
+      throw new Error('Invalid type');
   }
 
   bench.start();
diff --git a/benchmark/fs/bench-linkSync.js b/benchmark/fs/bench-linkSync.js
index ead39c338fe6..cb004837d26c 100644
--- a/benchmark/fs/bench-linkSync.js
+++ b/benchmark/fs/bench-linkSync.js
@@ -45,6 +45,6 @@ function main({ n, type }) {
       break;
     }
     default:
-      new Error('Invalid type');
+      throw new Error('Invalid type');
   }
 }
diff --git a/benchmark/fs/bench-mkdirSync.js b/benchmark/fs/bench-mkdirSync.js
index 1db1c5878776..08698b427eef 100644
--- a/benchmark/fs/bench-mkdirSync.js
+++ b/benchmark/fs/bench-mkdirSync.js
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ function main({ n, type, recursive }) {
       files = new Array(n).fill(__dirname);
       break;
     default:
-      new Error('Invalid type');
+      throw new Error('Invalid type');
   }
 
   bench.start();
diff --git a/benchmark/fs/bench-mkdtempSync.js b/benchmark/fs/bench-mkdtempSync.js
index afb342366bbf..1e287493b6fe 100644
--- a/benchmark/fs/bench-mkdtempSync.js
+++ b/benchmark/fs/bench-mkdtempSync.js
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ function main({ n, type }) {
       prefix = tmpdir.resolve('non-existent', 'foo', 'bar');
       break;
     default:
-      new Error('Invalid type');
+      throw new Error('Invalid type');
   }
 
   bench.start();
diff --git a/benchmark/fs/bench-openSync.js b/benchmark/fs/bench-openSync.js
index b17c0a1e67f8..26ea1300b9ba 100644
--- a/benchmark/fs/bench-openSync.js
+++ b/benchmark/fs/bench-openSync.js
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ function main({ n, type }) {
       path = tmpdir.resolve(`.non-existing-file-${process.pid}`);
       break;
     default:
-      new Error('Invalid type');
+      throw new Error('Invalid type');
   }
 
   runBench({ n, path });
diff --git a/benchmark/fs/bench-opendirSync.js b/benchmark/fs/bench-opendirSync.js
index f24faa5d5e69..2ea68192b587 100644
--- a/benchmark/fs/bench-opendirSync.js
+++ b/benchmark/fs/bench-opendirSync.js
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ function main({ n, type }) {
       files = [tmpdir.resolve(`.non-existing-file-${Date.now()}`)];
       break;
     default:
-      new Error('Invalid type');
+      throw new Error('Invalid type');
   }
 
   bench.start();
diff --git a/benchmark/fs/bench-readSync.js b/benchmark/fs/bench-readSync.js
index a75d1750002f..fea37f4c43c9 100644
--- a/benchmark/fs/bench-readSync.js
+++ b/benchmark/fs/bench-readSync.js
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ function main({ n, type }) {
       fd = 1 << 30;
       break;
     default:
-      new Error('Invalid type');
+      throw new Error('Invalid type');
   }
 
   const buffer = Buffer.alloc(bufferSize);
diff --git a/benchmark/fs/bench-readlinkSync.js b/benchmark/fs/bench-readlinkSync.js
index 9b3bbceb42e9..57a5611b9f3e 100644
--- a/benchmark/fs/bench-readlinkSync.js
+++ b/benchmark/fs/bench-readlinkSync.js
@@ -49,6 +49,6 @@ function main({ n, type }) {
       break;
     }
     default:
-      new Error('Invalid type');
+      throw new Error('Invalid type');
   }
 }
diff --git a/benchmark/fs/bench-rmdirSync.js b/benchmark/fs/bench-rmdirSync.js
index 481034392743..71002d41c5a1 100644
--- a/benchmark/fs/bench-rmdirSync.js
+++ b/benchmark/fs/bench-rmdirSync.js
@@ -37,6 +37,6 @@ function main({ n, type }) {
       break;
     }
     default:
-      new Error('Invalid type');
+      throw new Error('Invalid type');
   }
 }
diff --git a/benchmark/fs/bench-symlinkSync.js b/benchmark/fs/bench-symlinkSync.js
index 92ceb3579a42..c8864527463a 100644
--- a/benchmark/fs/bench-symlinkSync.js
+++ b/benchmark/fs/bench-symlinkSync.js
@@ -46,6 +46,6 @@ function main({ n, type }) {
       break;
     }
     default:
-      new Error('Invalid type');
+      throw new Error('Invalid type');
   }
 }
diff --git a/benchmark/fs/bench-timesSync.js b/benchmark/fs/bench-timesSync.js
index 8ea879a63ef9..09d5a3891c0b 100644
--- a/benchmark/fs/bench-timesSync.js
+++ b/benchmark/fs/bench-timesSync.js
@@ -56,6 +56,6 @@ function main({ n, type, func }) {
       break;
     }
     default:
-      new Error('Invalid type');
+      throw new Error('Invalid type');
   }
 }
diff --git a/benchmark/fs/bench-unlinkSync.js b/benchmark/fs/bench-unlinkSync.js
index 8b992198c8d3..9b134aa678c5 100644
--- a/benchmark/fs/bench-unlinkSync.js
+++ b/benchmark/fs/bench-unlinkSync.js
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ function main({ n, type }) {
       files = new Array(n).fill(tmpdir.resolve(`.non-existing-file-${Date.now()}`));
       break;
     default:
-      new Error('Invalid type');
+      throw new Error('Invalid type');
   }
 
   bench.start();
diff --git a/benchmark/fs/bench_fdatasyncSync.js b/benchmark/fs/bench_fdatasyncSync.js
index 9aedb0a314fb..cd6babadeeeb 100644
--- a/benchmark/fs/bench_fdatasyncSync.js
+++ b/benchmark/fs/bench_fdatasyncSync.js
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ function main({ n, type }) {
       fd = 1 << 30;
       break;
     default:
-      new Error('Invalid type');
+      throw new Error('Invalid type');
   }
 
   bench.start();
diff --git a/benchmark/webstorage/getItem.js b/benchmark/webstorage/getItem.js
index f92ee0318ff6..b82960a6f489 100644
--- a/benchmark/webstorage/getItem.js
+++ b/benchmark/webstorage/getItem.js
@@ -70,6 +70,6 @@ function main({ n, type }) {
       bench.end(n);
       break;
     default:
-      new Error('Invalid type');
+      throw new Error('Invalid type');
   }
 }
diff --git a/benchmark/webstorage/removeItem.js b/benchmark/webstorage/removeItem.js
index 0de686d45a3d..738ae8a24262 100644
--- a/benchmark/webstorage/removeItem.js
+++ b/benchmark/webstorage/removeItem.js
@@ -70,6 +70,6 @@ function main({ n, type }) {
       bench.end(n);
       break;
     default:
-      new Error('Invalid type');
+      throw new Error('Invalid type');
   }
 }
diff --git a/benchmark/webstorage/setItem.js b/benchmark/webstorage/setItem.js
index 5d88a39ef52a..fa53bab20df6 100644
--- a/benchmark/webstorage/setItem.js
+++ b/benchmark/webstorage/setItem.js
@@ -58,6 +58,6 @@ function main({ n, type }) {
       bench.end(n);
       break;
     default:
-      new Error('Invalid type');
+      throw new Error('Invalid type');
   }
 }
diff --git a/test/parallel/test-errors-systemerror.js b/test/parallel/test-errors-systemerror.js
index 629a3d1c0869..651e7f8d8962 100644
--- a/test/parallel/test-errors-systemerror.js
+++ b/test/parallel/test-errors-systemerror.js
@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ const { E, SystemError, codes, kIsNodeError } = require('internal/errors');
 const { inspect } = require('internal/util/inspect');
 
 assert.throws(
+  // eslint-disable-next-line no-restricted-syntax
   () => { new SystemError(); },
   {
     name: 'TypeError',
diff --git a/tools/eslint/eslint.config_utils.mjs b/tools/eslint/eslint.config_utils.mjs
index 7b09047937bf..e6008c457935 100644
--- a/tools/eslint/eslint.config_utils.mjs
+++ b/tools/eslint/eslint.config_utils.mjs
@@ -16,6 +16,10 @@ export const noRestrictedSyntaxCommonAll = [
     selector: 'ThrowStatement > CallExpression[callee.name=/Error$/]',
     message: 'Use `new` keyword when throwing an `Error`.',
   },
+  {
+    selector: 'ExpressionStatement > NewExpression[callee.name=/Error$/]',
+    message: 'Throw, return, or assign the `Error`; constructing it alone does nothing.',
+  },
   {
     selector: "CallExpression[callee.property.name='substr']",
     message: 'Use String.prototype.slice() or String.prototype.substring() instead of String.prototype.substr()',